Table of Contents
Introduction …… 2
What is back pain and how common is it? .. 2
What are the main causes of back pain? …. 3
Different types of back pain …… 4
When should you consult a doctor, and which doctors treat back pain? . 6
Natural treatments to help reduce back pain ….. 8
Medications for back pain relief …… 9
Surgical treatments for back pain . 11
How to lift heavy objects correctly 13
Resources ….. 14
Sample Content Preview
Being overweight
Carrying extra pounds, especially around the middle, can stress the back and cause pain. It is also usually a sign of a flabby core, and flabby muscles are weak and more prone to injury.
Heredity
Some causes of back pain can have a genetic component and run in families.
Various health issues
Some types of arthritis and cancer can cause back pain. Osteoporosis, a thinning of the bones, can also result in hairline fractures, bone spurs and other structural changes that can cause back pain.
Smoking tobacco
Smokers with bone injuries heal around twice as slowly as non-smokers. One of the reasons may be that they do not circulate enough nutrients in the body to be able to heal bones and support good back health. As they age, their bones can become so brittle that smoker’s cough can trigger back pain and even injury.
Your job
If you have to lift, push, or pull often in your job, you are more at risk for injury. Many companies offer their workers braces to support the spine, but they need to be worn correctly in order to do any good.
If you sit at a desk all day and do not sit up straight, you may also get back pain. This will most commonly be in the lower part of the back, since this takes so much pressure and weight when you are sitting, but it can also occur in the neck, shoulders and middle of the back as well. Lower back pain is one of the most common causes of pain, poor quality of life and lost productivity in the workplace. Chronic back pain can affect every area of your life, including work, sleep, sex, caring for your children, and more.
Fortunately, there are a range of ways to prevent back issues, and to treat them if they do arise. These include natural remedies, medications, and in extreme cases, surgery. The treatments will depend on the cause of the pain.
Sometimes the cause is very obvious, such as an injury. In other cases, the pain is real, but might require a process of elimination to determine where it is coming from and why. Doctors try to classify the pain in terms of type and location in order to try to track down the cause and give effective treatment. Let’s look at different kinds of back pain in the next chapter.
Different types of back pain
Back pain will be classified as upper, middle and lower. They will also indicate whether or not the pain is on the left or the right. This can give a clue as to which of the many causes of back pain might be contributing to a patient’s issue.
The causes of back pain can be broadly classified as relating to:
Structure
Muscle pain
Nerve pain
Inflammation, such as is caused by arthritis
Three common classifications of back pain include:
Axial pain
This is also referred to as mechanical pain, and is usually the result of a muscle sprain or strain. It can be dull or sharp.
Referred pain
Referred pain moves around from location to location. It is associated with age-related changes to the spine and can be described as dull and achy.
Radicular pain
This is nerve pain that will often radiate outwards along the path of the affected nerve and can cause the arm or leg to become numb or weak. The pain is described as searing. This pain can result from a number of different causes, including:
Compression of the nerve
inflammation
Injury to a spinal nerve root.
Sciatica (SIGH-attic-ah) is the most common form of radicular pain. The main causes of sciatica are:
a herniated disc-a disc that has rupture and might be pressing on the nerve
degenerative disc disease, that is, the results of an aging spine
spinal stenosis-that is, narrowing of the spine
spondylolisthesis-one of the vertebrae slips forward onto the bone below it, causing the nerve to become compressed or pinched
Sciatic pain can generate from the back down to the hip and thigh. In some cases, it might even go as far down as the big toe. This will depend on which vertebrae is affecting it. For example, if the Lumbar 3 (L3) disc is affecting it, the pain will generate down to the buttocks and perhaps the thigh. If the L% is affected, the pain could go all the way down the leg to the big toe.
Therefore, diagnostic imaging will be important to determine the condition of the spine and the placement of the discs.
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